Resource-Aware Multimedia Content Delivery: A Gambling Approach

In this paper, we propose a resource-aware solution to achieving reliable and scalable stream diffusion in a probabilistic model, i.e. where communication links and processes are subject to message losses and crashes, respectively. Our solution is resource-aware in the sense that it limits the memory consumption, by strictly scoping the knowledge each process has about the system, and the bandwidth available to each process, by assigning a fixed quota of messages to each process. We describe our approach as gambling in the sense that it consists in accepting to give up on a few processes sometimes, in the hope of better serving all processes most of the time. That is, our solution deliberately takes the risk not to reach some processes in some executions, in order to reach every process in most executions. The underlying stream diffusion algorithm is based on a tree-construction technique that dynamically distributes the load of forwarding stream packets among processes, based on their respective available bandwidths. Simulations show that this approach pays off when compared to traditional gossiping, when the latter faces identical bandwidth constraint

Resource-Aware Multimedia Content Delivery: A Gambling Approach

In this paper, we propose a resource-aware solution to achieving reliable and scalable stream diffusion in a probabilistic model, i.e. where communication links and processes are subject to message losses and crashes, respectively. Our solution is resource-aware in the sense that it limits the memory consumption, by strictly scoping the knowledge each process has about the system, and the bandwidth available to each process, by assigning a fixed quota of messages to each process. We describe our approach as gambling in the sense that it consists in accepting to give up on a few processes sometimes, in the hope of better serving all processes most of the time. That is, our solution deliberately takes the risk not to reach some processes in some executions, in order to reach every process in most executions. The underlying stream diffusion algorithm is based on a tree-construction technique that dynamically distributes the load of forwarding stream packets among processes, based on their respective available bandwidths. Simulations show that this approach pays off when compared to traditional gossiping, when the latter faces identical bandwidth constraint

QuoCast : a Resource Aware Algorithm for Reliable Peer-to-Peer Multicast

This paper presents QuoCast, a resource-aware protocol for reliable stream diffusion in unreliable environments, where processes may crash and communication links may lose messages. QuoCast is resource-aware in the sense that it takes into account memory, CPU, and bandwidth constraints. Memory constraints are captured by the limited knowledge each process has of its neighborhood. CPU and bandwidth constraints are captured by a fixed quota on the number of messages that a process can use for streaming. Both incoming and outgoing traffic are accounted for. QuoCast maximizes the probability that each streamed packet reaches all consumers while respecting their incoming and outgoing quotas. The algorithm is based on a tree-construction technique that dynamically distributes the forwarding load among processes and links, based on their reliabilities and on their available quotas. The evaluation results show that the adaptiveness of QuoCast to several contraints provides better reliability when compared to other adaptive approaches

Choroidal metastasis from breast cancer in a male patient treated successfully with systemic chemotherapy

ABSTRACT Introduction: To present a case of chemotherapeutic regression of metastasis of breast carcinoma to the choroid in a male patient. Case Report: A 63yearold male, with a past medical history of breast cancer, presented with blurred vision and progressive loss of visual acuity. Fundoscopy of the right eye revealed a choroidal mass in the upper temporal arcade associated with pigment epithelium impairment. Optic disc was normal and macular edema was not present. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy (epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, 5fluorouracil), every three weeks, for six cycles. Five months into treatment, the patient reported a partial improvement in visual symptoms. A complete regression of the choroidal mass was noted with both magnetic resonance imaging and fundoscopy. Conclusion: In male as in female patients, breast carcinoma may metastasize to the choroid. Such metastasis must be suspected whenever a patient with a past history of breast cancer suffers from impaired vision. A